COMMERCIAL CODE
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COMMERCIAL CODE
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COMMERCIAL CODE (Legislative Part) (English Version Links to Legifrance)
BOOK I Commerce in general
TITLE I The commercial act (Articles L110-1 to L110-4)
TITLE II
Chapter I
Section 1 Capacity of trader (Articles L121-1 to L121-3)
Section 2 Spouses of craftspeople and traders working in the family-owned undertaking (Articles L121‑4 to L121‑6)
Chapter II Foreign traders (Articles L122-1 to L122-4) Chapter III General obligations of traders
Section 1 Commercial and companies register
Sub-section 1 Persons required to register (Articles L123-1 to L123-5-1)
Sub-section 2 Keeping of the register and effects attached to registration (Articles L123‑6 to L123‑9)
Sub-section 3 Place of domicile of registered persons (Articles L123-10 to L123-11)
Section 2
Sub-section 1 Financial liabilities applicable to all traders (Articles L123‑12 to L123‑24)
Sub-section 2 Financial liabilities applicable to certain traders who are natural persons (Articles L123‑25 to L123‑28)
Chapter IV Cooperative associations of retailers (Articles L124-1 to L124-16) Chapter V Collective shops of independent traders
Section 1 Formation of the collective shop (Articles L125-1 to L125-9)
Section 2 Administration of the collective shop (Articles L125-10 to L125-11)
Section 3 Approval and exclusion (Articles L125-12 to L125-18)
Section 4 Dissolution (Article L125-19)
Chapter VI Mutual guarantee schemes (Article L126-1)
TITLE III Brokers, agents on commission, carriers and commercial agents
Chapter I Brokers (Articles L131-1 to L131-11) Chapter II
Section 1 Agents on commission in general (Articles L132-1 to L132-2)
Section 2 Agents on commission for transport (Articles L132-3 to L132-9)
Chapter III Carriers (Articles L133-1 to L133-7) Chapter IV Commercial agents (Articles L134-1 to L134-17)
TITLE IV
Chapter I
Section 1 Sale contract (Articles L141-1 to L141-4)
Section 2 Preferential right of the seller (Articles L141-5 to L141-22)
Chapter II Charge on the business (Articles L142-1 to L142-5) Chapter III Provisions common to the sale and charge of the business
Section 1 Use of the security and redemption of registered claims (Articles L143-1 to L143‑15)
Section 2 Registration and removal of the registration formalities (Articles L143‑16 to L143‑20)
Section 3 Intermediaries and distribution of the price (Articles L143‑21 to L143‑23)
Chapter IV Real estate management (Articles L144-1 to L144-13) Chapter V
Section 1 Scope (Articles L145-1 to L145-3)
Section 2 Term (Articles L145-4 to L145-7)
Section 3 Renewal (Articles L145-8 to L145-13)
Section 4 Refusal of renewal (Articles L145-14 to L145-30)
Section 5 Sub-leasing (Articles L145-31 to L145-32)
Section 6 Rent (Articles L145-33 to L145-40)
Section 7 Cancellation (Articles L145-41 to L145-46)
Section 8 Non-specialisation (Articles L145-47 to L145-55)
Section 9 Procedure (Articles L145-56 to L145-60)
BOOK II Commercial companies and economic interest groups TITLE I Preliminary provisions (Articles L210-1 to L210-9)
TITLE II Provisions specific to various commercial companies
Chapter I General partnerships (Articles L221-1 to L221-17) Chapter II Limited partnerships (Articles L222-1 to L222-12) Chapter III Limited liability companies (Articles L223-1 to L223-43) Chapter IV General provisions applicable to joint-stock companies (Articles L224-1 to L224‑3) Chapter V Public limited companies (Article L225-1)
Section 1 Formation of public limited companies
Sub-section 1 Formation with a public offering (Articles L225-2 to L225-11)
Sub-section 2 Formation without a public offering (Articles L225-12 to L225-16)
Section 2 Management and administration of public limited companies
Sub-section 1 Board of directors of the general management (Articles L225-17 to L225-56)
Sub-section 2 Management and supervisory board (Articles L225-57 to L225-93)
Sub-section 3 Provisions common to managing agents of public limited companies (Articles L225-94 to L225-95-1)
Section 3 Shareholders’ meetings (Articles L225-96 to L225-126)
Section 4 Changes to share capital and the body of employee shareholders
Sub-section 1 Increase in capital (Articles L225-127 to L225-149)
Sub-section 2 Bonds with subscription warrants (Articles L225-150 to L225-160)
Sub-section 3 Bonds convertible into shares (Articles L225-161 to L225-167)
Sub-section 4 Bonds exchangeable for shares (Articles L225-168 to L225-176)
Sub-section 5 Subscription and purchase of shares by employees (Articles L225-177 to L225-187-1)
Sub-section 6 Capital amortisation (Articles L225-198 to L225-203)
Sub-section 7 Capital reductions (Articles L225-204 to L225-205)
Sub-section 8 Subscription, purchase or use as a security by companies of their own shares (Articles L225-206 to L225-217)
Section 5 Supervision of public limited companies (Articles L225-218 to L225-242)
Section 6 Conversion of public limited companies (Articles L225-243 to L225-245)
Section 7 Dissolution of public limited companies (Articles L225-246 to L225-248)
Section 8 Civil liability (Articles L225-249 to L225-257)
Section 9 Public limited companies with worker participation (Articles L225-258 to L225‑270)
Chapter VI Partnerships limited by shares (Articles L226-1 to L226-14) Chapter VII Simplified joint-stock companies (Articles L227-1 to L227-20) Chapter VIII Securities issued by joint-stock companies
Section 1 Provisions common to securities (Articles L228-1 to L228-6)
Section 2 Shares (Articles L228-7 to L228-29)
Section 3 Investment certificates (Articles L228-30 to L228-35)
Section 4 Participating securities (Articles L228-36 to L228-37)
Section 5 Bonds (Articles L228-38 to L228-90)
Section 6 Other securities conferring the right to the allotment of shares representing a portion of the capital (Articles L228-91 to L228-97)
Provisions common to various commercial companies
Chapter I Variable capital (Articles L231-1 to L231-8) Chapter II Financial statements
Section 1 Accounting documents (Articles L232-1 to L232-6)
Section 2 Documents specific to companies making a public offering (Articles L232‑7 to L232‑8)
Section 3 Depreciation and provisions (Article L232-9)
Section 4 Profits (Articles L232-10 to L232-20)
Section 5 Publication of accounts (Articles L232-21 to L232-23)
Chapter III Subsidiaries, shares and controlled companies
Section 1 Definitions (Articles L233-1 to L233-5)
Section 2 Notifications and information (Articles L233-6 to L223-15)
Section 3 Consolidated financial statements (Articles L233-16 to L233-28)
Section 4 Reciprocal shares (Articles L233-29 to L233-31)
Chapter IV Warning procedure (Articles L234-1 to L234-3) Chapter V Nullities (Articles L235-1 to L235-13) Chapter VI
Section 1 General provisions (Articles L236-1 to L236-7)
Section 2 Provisions specific to public limited companies (Articles L236-8 to L236-22)
Section 3 Provisions specific to limited liability companies (Articles L236-23 to L236-24)
Chapter VII
Section 1 General provisions (Articles L237-1 to L237-13)
Section 2 Provisions applicable following a court decision (Articles L237-14 to L237-31)
Chapter VIII Orders to perform (Article L238-1)
TITLE IV
Chapter I Offences involving limited liability companies (Articles L241-1 to L241-9) Chapter II Offences involving public limited companies
Section 1 Offences relating to formation (Articles L242-1 to L242-5)
Section 2 Offences relating to management and administration (Articles L242-6 to L242-8)
Section 3 Offences relating to shareholders’ meetings (Articles L242-9 to L242-16)
Section 4 Offences relating to changes in the share capital
Sub-section 1 Increase in capital (Articles L242-17 to L242-21)
Sub-section 2 Reduction of capital (Articles L242-23 to L242-24)
Section 6 Offences relating to dissolution (Article L242-29)
Section 7 Offences relating to public limited companies with a management and a supervisory board (Article L242-30)
Section 8 Offences relating to public limited companies with worker participation (Article L242-31)
Chapter III Offences involving partnerships limited by shares (Article L243-1) Chapter IV Offences involving simplified joint-stock companies (Articles L244-1 to L244-4) Chapter V Offences relating to securities issued by joint-stock companies
Section 1 Offences relating to shares (Articles L245-3 to L245-5)
Section 3 Offences relating to bonds (Articles L245-9 to L245-15)
Section 4 Common provisions (Article L245-16)
Section 5 Offences relating to public limited companies with a management and a supervisory board (Article L245-17)
Chapter VI Offences common to various forms of joint-stock company (Articles L246-1 to L246-2) Chapter VII Offences common to various forms of commercial company
Section 1 Offences relating to subsidiaries, shares and controlled companies (Articles L247-1 to L247-3)
Section 2 Offences relating to publication (Article L247-4)
Section 3 Offences relating to winding-up (Articles L247-5 to L247-8)
Section 4 Offences relating to public limited companies with a management and a supervisory board (Article L247-9)
Section 5 Offences relating to companies with variable capital (Article L247-10)
Chapter VIII Provisions relating to the deputy managing directors of public limited companies (Article L248‑1)
TITLE V
Chapter I Economic interest grouping governed by French law (Articles L251-1 to L251‑23) Chapter II European economic interest grouping (Articles L252-1 to L252-13)
BOOK III Certain types of sale and exclusivity clauses
TITLE I Closing-down sales, warehouse sales, clearance sales and sales in factory shops (Articles L310-1 to L310-7)
TITLE II Sales by public auction (Articles L320-1 to L320-2)
Chapter I Voluntary sales of chattels by public auction
Section 1 General provisions (Articles L321-1 to L321-3)
Sub-section 1 Companies involved in voluntary sales of chattels by public auction (Articles L321-4 to L321-17)
Sub-section 2 Authority for Voluntary Sales of Chattels by Public Auction (Articles L321‑18 to L321-23)
Section 2 Free provision of services in the activity of voluntary sales of chattels by public auction by nationals of the Member States of the European Communities and of the Member States of the European Economic Area (Articles L321‑24 to L321‑28)
Section 3 Experts approved by the Authority for Voluntary Sales of Chattels by Public Auction (Articles L321-29 to L321-35)
Section 4 Sundry provisions (Articles L321-36 to L321-38)
Chapter II Other sales by auction (Articles L322-1 to L322-16)
TITLE III Exclusivity clauses (Articles L330-1 to L330-3)
BOOK IV Pricing freedom and competition
TITLE I General provisions (Articles L410-1 to L410-2)
TITLE II Anti-competitive practices (Articles L420-1 to L420-7)
TITLE III Economic concentration (Articles L430-1 to L430-10)
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