Thematic Classification of Law

The basis of French law is of course the Civil Code of 1804, whose vocation was universalist, and therefore civil law . 

In civil law, contract law defines the rules of contract law and the law of civil liability .

The civil law jurisprudence has a fundamental role in matters of contract and responsibility , because it builds praetorian rules in particular on the basis of Articles 1382 and 1383 on liability for fault, negligence and imprudence, or pre-contractual liability, article 1384 on the responsibility for acts of others or things , of article 1147 for contractual responsibility (with the development of the concepts of obligation of means and result , the definition of various obligations such as the obligation of information, loyalty ), and article 1134 on the binding force of contracts , including the contractual basis in the employment contract . 

Civil law also includes property law .

The civil code defines the basic principles of society .

The Civil Code also defines the rules concerning private life   and civil rights , property rights , personal rights , family law, divorce law (recently amended by the law of May 26, 2004 on divorce) and inheritance law .

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The Commercial Code , later and dating from 1807, gave birth to  commercial law, commercial law, called to govern relations between traders . 

The French specificity in this matter is reflected in the existence of commercial courts made up of consular judges.

In 2000, the law of July 24, 1966 on companies incorporated the new Commercial Code , which therefore defines the rules of company law , but also the rules on commercial leases by integrating the decree of September 30, 1953. The law of January 25, 1985 (then the 2005 safeguard law) also incorporated the Commercial Code which thus provides for the rules concerning companies in difficulty. The rules concerning commercial instruments fall under the cambiary law .

The ordinance of December 1, 1986 relating to freedom of prices and competition also incorporated the Commercial Code, which therefore defines the national rules of competition law (the rules concerning unfair competition   falling under the law of liability .

The Consumer Protection Act of 1978 was codified into a Consumer Code , defining consumer law   which aims to rebalance the relationship between businesses and consumers .

These provisions determine the rules of consumer protection , in particular in consumer contracts , to which must also be added the case law rules that apply to membership contracts .

Laws, regulations and case law concerning companies making public offerings are subject to stock market law , company law not containing provisions constituting a specific regime for listed companies.

FINANCIAL MARKET LAW

A Monetary and Financial Code has also been created. Next to the category of banking law   we find credit law, the legislative basis of which is constituted by the provisions of the Commercial Code on credit instruments and guarantees , and the provisions of the Consumer Code concerning credit contracts. consumer credit.

The legislator has taken measures to protect individuals with the treatment of over- indebtedness

Brands

Copyright

Intellectual property law, based on the intellectual property code , defines the rules applicable to intangible assets which become a predominant part of the value of companies .

Social protection law

The labor law is defined especially by the rules of labor law which corresponds to the Labor Code and those on social security contained in the Code of Social Security . Social law case law implements legislative and regulatory provisions but is also based on common contract law.

The rules of tax law are the subject of the General Tax Code.

These rules are interpreted by the case law of tax law.

Criminal law of business affairs                   

The purpose of criminal law is to define offenses , that is to say the behaviors that the State punishes, and to provide for the sanction of the violation of prohibitions.

The rules of penal law ( general penal law and special penal law ) come under the Penal Code, but also from the myriad of texts providing for penal sanctions in the various codes and laws. This is how we see in particular the development of criminal stock market law  , in matters of competition , consumption , advertising , the environment , companies or even labor .

The criminal procedure is the set of rules of procedure related to criminal law.

NEW TECHNOLOGY LAW

computer law

internet law

The right technology combines computer law   (especially with the Loi_ of 6 January 1978 on computers, files _et_aux liberties) and Internet law , the right database and the rules on electronic commerce and rules on the information society ( Loi_du_1er_Aout_2006_relative_au_d’autour_right_and_voisins_rights_in_the_information_society ).

conflicts of jurisdiction

Private international law, and in particular the rules of conflict of laws, is mainly of jurisprudential origin , marked by the major judgments of private international law , conflicts of jurisdictions being the subject of conventions, in particular European ones.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAW://www.le

Environmental criminal law

The environmental code contains the legislative rules concerning environmental law.

In terms of housing is the Code_de_la_construction_et_de_l’habitation,  and the town planning code.

The law of co-ownership is not codified, it is defined by the  law_du_10_juillet_1965_fixant_le_statut_de_la_copropriete_des_immeubles_batis .

Real estate sales are the subject of the Hoguet law.   Real estate rentals are subject to the  law_du_6_juillet_1989

For the use of the automobile the rules are contained in the code_de_la_route , to which must be added the law_du_5_juillet_1985_on_les_accidents_de_la_circulation

Traffic rules are defined by the Highway Code .

The rules concerning private life derive from the provisions of the Civil Code, which are the basis of case law concerning respect for personal life in the employment relationship. Social law jurisprudence also develops rules tending to the protection of family life.

PUBLIC LAW

PUBLIC SERVICES

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT

PUBLIC ECONOMIC law, in particular public competition law

ECONOMIC LAW

COMPANY’S RIGHT

Regulation law

Stock market law

Art market law

Real estate market law

MARKET LAW

With liberalization , the privatization , the general openness to competition and almost total allegiance to the market economy, we speak of ” market law “, especially involving the competition law , the public competition law and the law of unfair competition as well as the law of regulation